PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS)

The premenstrual syndrome is a cluster of variable symptoms related to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle. They include emotional symptoms like anxiety, anger, nervousness, hostility, depression, crying spells, inability to concentrate, sleep disturbances, etc. and organic symptoms such as fluid retention, breast tenderness, painful menstruation, headaches, visual symptoms, etc.

Causes of PMS

The causes of PMS are still not completely understood. However, most recent research publications as well as research conducted by TIRME strongly suggest that in many cases of PMS the fundamental disorder is some form of hormonal imbalance that produces ovulatory dysfunction. This results in changes in the normal cyclic patterns of female sex hormone production, which in turn are responsible for the symptoms associated with PMS. In some cases, dietary and psychologic factors may further complicate the hormonal abnormalities.

Management of PMS

The treatment is directed toward correction of the specific hormonal abnormalities. When indicated, referral for treatment of associated emotional factors is suggested.

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